唐太宗书法研究

【外文题名】A Study of Tang Taizong s Calligraphy

【作者】 魏茂军

【关键词】 尽善尽美 扬羲抑献 篆隶古法 《兰亭序》

【外文关键词】 beauty of balanceZun Xian Xi suppressionthe spirit of ZhuanliLan Ting Xu

【导师姓名】张传旭

【学位名称】硕士

【学位年度】暂无

【学位授予单位】暂无

【录入时间】2015-02-11

【全文挂接】 读秀挂接

【摘要】宗有时是不统一的。其在文学上一方面主张文学的政教之用，主张南北融合文质彬彬的文学理想，同时却倾慕于辞采繁富的陆机，个人又喜欢作“宫体诗”。其于书法上提出“尽善尽美”的批评标准，推崇王羲之为“书圣”。但却由于酷爱《兰亭》，加之书学虞世南 ，最终书法的个人面目接近其所贬抑的王献之，终至于为后人所诟病。宋代米芾曾言“唐太宗书窃类子敬，有何等相似”。 对于唐太宗的“扬羲抑献”，以及其所酷爱的《兰亭序》，后人多有非议。一是，贬献不符合事实，如宋代米芾《书史》就认为：“太宗力学右军不能至，复学虞行书，欲上攀右军，故大骂子敬耳。”。近人沈尹默先生以为：“这样的论断是十分不公允的，因其不符合于实际，说子敬字体稍疏（这是与遗少相比而言的），还说的过去，至于用枯瘦拘束等字样来形容它，毋宁说适得其反，这简直是信口开河的污蔑。”； 二是，《兰亭序》的审美风格造成了人们对真实王羲之的误解。今人杜萌若先生认为“有了《兰亭序》，于是王羲之就隐没了”。 对于这两种非议我个人是同意《兰亭序》的消极影响的，也就是说从某种意义上帖学的最终命运是败在风格异化的《兰亭序》！ 唐太宗以“尽善尽美”的批评标准来评论王献之，其言论并无过激之处，“枯树”、“饿殍”、“拘束”、“疏瘦”，可谓直重要害。“兼斯二者，固翰墨之病欤！”， 此病实导源于王献之书法中对篆隶古法的抛弃。潘伯鹰的《中国书法简论》中有一篇文章《褚书何以能继承右军》认为，有这样三点：一是，由于他是王右军的最精深研究者；二是，由于他是王右军隶法的最显著继承者；三是，由于他继承了右军的创新精神。这三点我们要极为注意，一是，只有是精深研究者，才可能发现学右军书，须从隶书入门得法。“元常专工于隶书，百英尤精于草书，彼之二美，而逸少兼之”，但右军能将隶法多所隐约，这是右军学古不泥古善于出新的方面。 “从王献之开始，书法史才真正进入了‘现代史’”。 我们认为“现代史”的意义正是篆隶古法的退出。 唐太宗的“文质彬彬”、“尽善尽美”的文艺观，以及“虚静”的创作观其价值是不言而喻的，然其个人在实践方面，由于个人及历史的局限性使得他并不能完全地贯彻其主张的这一文艺思想，这是令人遗憾的，这也恰恰暴露了唐太宗人性的复杂的一面，毕竟是“爱妍而薄质，人之情也！”。 关键词：尽善尽美；扬羲抑献；篆隶古法；《兰亭序》

【外文摘要】Emperor Taizong in Tang dynasty was not only an outstanding politician , militarist , but also a calligraphist , poet . He had great capability in culture and art . After getting the imperial power , he began to execute the policy of “lay down arms and build culture ,” and bent himself to culture and art . Taizong handed down book traces have "Jinci Ming", "Hot-ming", "screen with" and "Chunhua Ge Tie" with 19 volumes of the Tang calligraphy, a total of four. For Taizong's "Zun Xian Xi suppression" and "Lan Ting Xu", many people have criticized. Mr. Shen Yinmo neighbor that: "This argument that it is not fair because not in conformity with the actual, slightly thinning font Zijing Say (This is compared with theYishao), said of the past, as with skinny binding words to describe it, Say rather just the opposite, this is simply lip service of the slander. "Second," Lanting Xu "aesthetic style has raised the real Wang misunderstandings. Mr. Du Mengruo people today say: "With" Lanting Xu ", so on the subduction of the Wang." For these two questions are my personal consent "Lanting Xu" the negative effects, that is to say with a certain sense the ultimate fate of the study are defeated, "Lanting Xu"! Taizong to "perfect" standard to comment on criticism of his remarks did not Wang of the radical, tree, hungry die of hunger, bound, sparse thin, straight is important harm. The disease is derived from Wang's calligraphy of the abandoned the spirit of ‘Zhuanli’. Pan Ying's "On the Chinese calligraphy" in an article "How can the succession of Chu Youjun book" believes that there is such a three-point, first, because he is the most profound Youjun Wang researchers. Second, because he is a law Wang Youjun scribe the most significant successor. Third, because he inherited the spirit of innovation Youjun. These three great attention we have to, first, that only researchers are deep, can be found Youjun study book, have to Lishu entry from the well. "Meta-regular workers in Lishu professionals, especially proficient in cursive hundred British, he's the Second United States, and Yishao and the" but Youjun attached to many of the vague law, learn the ancient Youjun This is not good at imitation rigidly a new aspect of . "From the beginning Wang, calligraphy history really only entered the 'modern history'." We believe that the "history" is both the meaning of quit the spirit of ‘Zhuanli’. Tang's " beauty of balance ", "perfection" of the art concept, and "Xujing" creative concept of its value is self-evident, but their personal practice, because of personal and historical limitations and should not make him entirely consistent its advocates thought that literature and art, this is regrettable, but it also exposes the emperor of the Tang Dynasty on the one hand, the complexity of human nature, after all, is "thin-yeon love quality,passion of people also!." Emperor Taizong in Tang dynasty aroused the fashion of adoring Wang Xizhi’s calligraphy, put Wang Xizhi to the status as a man of god on calligraphy . He did huge contribution to make calligraphies engraved on stele and calligraphy’s copybook go around . Keyword: beauty of balance; Zun Xian Xi suppression the spirit of ‘Zhuanli ; Lan Ting Xu